A Deep Learning System to Diagnose COVID-19 Pneumonia Using Masked Lung CT Images to Avoid AI-generated COVID-19 Diagnoses that Include Data outside the Lungs

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the current study was to develop a novel, artificial intelligence (AI)-based system to diagnose coronavirus disease (COVID-19) using computed tomography (CT) slice images. Prior research has demonstrated that, if not focused on the lungs, AI diagnoses COVID-19 using information outside the lungs. The inclusion of CT training data from multiple facilities and CT models may also cause AI to diagnose COVID-19 with features that are irrelevant to COVID-19. Thus, the objective of the current study was to evaluate a combination of lung mask images and CT slice images from a single facility, using a single CT model, and use AI to differentiate COVID-19 from other types of pneumonia based solely on information related to the lungs.

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