Patient Photographs and Google Images: An AI Ethics Case Study

Abstract

Over 35% of case reports published in medical journals contain patient photographs. With widespread online academic publishing, there is growing concern about patient photographs that were originally published in medical journals appearing in online image search results. Research has shown that from a random sample of case reports indexed in PubMed, at least one image was found on Google Images for 76.3% of the publications. Inspired by recent examples, this case study explores the ethical implications of patient photographs circulating outside of the original journal website, including attention to patient privacy and informed consent.

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