Applications of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots in Congenital Diplopodia: A Real-World Perspective on a Rare Case of Duplicated Lower Limb

Abstract

Background: This study examines the effectiveness of AI chatbot technology in assisting patients with congenital diplopia, focusing on a case study of a 16-month-old boy with duplicated lower limbs. Methods: We assessed the performance of two AI chatbots—Sider Fusion AI and Perplexity AI—by analyzing their discharge summaries against a previously published clinical scenario. An orthopedic specialist, geneticist, and neonatologist evaluated the summaries for competence, accuracy, relevance, informativeness, support capabilities, and overall communication effectiveness. Results: Both chatbots produced organized summaries that accurately reflected the diagnosis and surgical procedure outlined by Dr. Kitta. However, Sider Fusion AI surpassed Perplexity AI in organization and detail, offering structured summaries with clear headings and bullet points. It included comprehensive information on patient care, dietary advice, genetic testing, family support, follow-up instructions, pain management, and Ankle-Foot Orthosis (AFO) guidelines. In contrast, Perplexity AI's summary, while accurate, was less specific and clear, conflating care instructions with vague mobility information. Conclusion: The findings suggest that while AI chatbots can aid in clinical documentation, their effectiveness varies significantly, with Sider Fusion AI providing a more structured and practical resource for families and practitioners dealing with congenital orthopedic disorders.

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