ChatGPT in English Learning : A Machine Learning Perspective

Abstract

This study explores the transformative role of ChatGPT in education, focusing on its impact on language learning, writing support, and academic research through an analysis of English-language papers published from November 2022, when ChatGPT was developed, to 2024. Specifically, 20 research articles were selected and analyzed to examine how ChatGPT has been applied and discussed in educational contexts, with most of them published in journals indexed in Web of Science and Scopus. Using word frequency, similarity analysis, and clustering based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-means, the results highlight that ChatGPT is a multifaceted tool that enhances personalized learning experiences. The frequency analysis reveals strong associations with terms like “student,” “learning,” “education,” and “AI,” emphasizing ChatGPT’s role in supporting language acquisition, academic writing, and student engagement. The similarity analysis further demonstrates its contributions to writing, feedback, and research tasks. Clustering results identified four key areas of ChatGPT's application: AI and Technology in Education; Research and Data Utilization; Writing and Feedback; Language Learning and Education. These findings suggest that ChatGPT is a valuable resource in educational settings, though further research is needed to explore its long-term effects and ethical considerations in language learning contexts.

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