ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PROSTHODONTICS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Abstract

Background data. This study reviews contemporary scientific literature addressing a critical issue in dentistry: enhancing the quality of prosthetic treatment through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Subject. In prosthodontics, artificial intelligence represents a cutting-edge technology capable of accurately analyzing clinical data, utilizing trained algorithms for diverse tasks (e.g., identifying preparation margins, planning prosthetic treatments, designing restorations), and adapting solutions to specific clinical conditions and rehabilitation requirements. Objective. To evaluate the potential of AI in improving the efficiency and accuracy of dental and maxillofacial prosthetics through analysis of scientific literature published between 2017 and 2025. Materials and Methods. The methodology included analysis of 54 publications covering innovative approaches to diagnosis, treatment planning, and fabrication of high-precision prosthetic restorations using neural network models and machine learning algorithms. Results. While AI-based image processing is well-established in medicine, dentistry is undergoing its own digital evolution driven by CAD/CAM technologies. A significant recent trend is the integration of AI. In prosthodontics, AI enables automation of routine procedures, paving the way for breakthroughs in diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, and fabrication of both fixed and removable prostheses, ultimately elevating the quality of prosthetic rehabilitation. Conclusions. Significant advantages of AI in prosthodontics were identified: automated treatment planning, optimization of key rehabilitation stages (efficient processing of CBCT images/3D scans, selection of restoration design/color, implant positioning), reducing treatment time without compromising accuracy. Algorithm refinement, enhanced precision, and development of novel data processing methods are required.

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