Reference standard methodology in the clinical evaluation of AI chest X-ray algorithms for lung cancer detection: A systematic review

Abstract

To our knowledge, this is the first systematic description of patient-level reference standard methodology in CXR AI analysis of thoracic malignancy. To facilitate translational progress in this field, researchers undertaking evaluations of diagnostic algorithms at the patient-level should ensure that reference standards are aligned with clinical workflows and adhere to reporting guidelines. Limitations include a lack of prospective studies.

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