Comparison between the traditional study method and AI use in the analysis of an occupational risk prevention law in Nursing students: An experimental study

Abstract

• Uncertainty remains about AI’s role in enhancing learning processes. • AI use in nursing students did not improve critical thinking or learning. • AI in education should be applied cautiously with complementary methods. The efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing university learning remains unproven. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of AI tools with that of traditional, text-based study methods on undergraduate nursing students' learning of legal content related to the prevention of occupational risk. Experimental study in which students were randomly assigned to two groups: one utilized AI tools, and the other employed traditional text reading methods. Both groups completed an objective multiple-choice questionnaire and a subjective self-assessment before and after the intervention. The objective questions assessed four cognitive domains: knowledge, comprehension, analysis, and application. Both groups improved their overall knowledge levels ( p < 0.001), with the control group exhibiting a more pronounced improvement ( p = 0.002). The control group demonstrated superior performance in the knowledge-based questions ( p = 0.001). However, no significant differences were observed in comprehension, analysis, or application. Conventional study methods provide superior knowledge acquisition in comparison to AI methods. The use of AI did not improve critical thinking skills, such as understanding or application.

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