Radiological and Functional Assessment of Tibial Plateau Fractures Managed with Locking Compression Plates: A Prospective Study

Abstract

Introduction: Tibial plateau fractures are complex intra-articular injuries of the proximal tibia that can lead to significant functional impairment if not adequately managed. Locking compression plates (LCP) have emerged as a preferred modality for surgical fixation due to their biomechanical advantages, particularly in comminuted and osteoporotic fractures. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 35 adult patients with tibial plateau fractures treated with internal fixation using LCPs. Fractures were classified using the Schatzker classification, and patients were followed clinically and radiologically for a minimum of 6 months. Functional outcomes were assessed using the modified Rasmussen criteria (MRC), and radiological healing was evaluated using the Rasmussen radiological criteria (RRC). Results: Most fractures occurred in middle-aged males, with road traffic accidents being the predominant mechanism of injury. Schatzker type II fractures were the most common pattern observed. At final follow-up, 51.43% of patients achieved excellent functional outcomes, and 45.71% demonstrated excellent radiological outcomes. The mean time to union was 14.38 weeks. The most frequent complications were knee stiffness and infection, primarily associated with high-energy fracture patterns. Conclusion: LCP fixation of tibial plateau fractures provides reliable radiological union and satisfactory functional outcomes in most cases. Early mobilization and careful management of high-energy injuries are essential to optimize results.

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