Impact of Telemedicine and Teleradiology on Interprofessional Collaborative Care Among Nurses, Pharmacists, and Radiologists: A Systematic Review  

Abstract

Background: Telemedicine and teleradiology have revolutionized healthcare by enabling the remote delivery of clinical services and diagnostic imaging, thereby enhancing interprofessional collaborative care among nurses, pharmacists, and radiologists. Since 2015, these technologies have gained momentum, particularly with the COVID-19 pandemic, addressing the need for convenient care across different settings. Aim: This review assesses the impact of telemedicine and teleradiology on collaborative care, focusing on patient outcomes, healthcare efficiency, and interprofessional relationships. Methods: A systematic narrative review was conducted, searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL for peer-reviewed articles (2015–2025). Keywords were "telemedicine," "teleradiology," and "collaborative care." Results: Telemedicine enhances nurse-led triage and reduces hospital attendance by 20–30%, and teleradiology reduces delays in diagnosis by 25%. Telepharmacy increases adherence by 10–15%. The barriers are technological, regulatory, and role ambiguity. Conclusions: These technologies optimize collaborative care, but they require significant infrastructure investment, policy reform, and training to overcome the associated barriers. Future research should focus on developing standardized protocols and integrating AI

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