Artificial Intelligence in Public Administration: A Systematic Literature Review on Opportunities and Ethical Challenges

Abstract

This study conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) to examine the opportunities and ethical challenges of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into public administration. Drawing on 35 peer-reviewed articles published between 2020 and 2025, this research identifies four thematic clusters: enhancement of public service delivery, governance frameworks and policy models, implementation barriers such as workforce readiness and cybersecurity risks, and ethical concerns including algorithmic bias, privacy, and accountability. Using PRISMA methodology and bibliometric analysis with VOS viewer, this paper maps current research trends and provides a conceptual framework for responsible AI adoption in government. The findings highlight that while AI offers significant potential for efficiency and transparency, its ethical implications require robust governance, stakeholder participation, and continuous evaluation.

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