AI Dilemma

Abstract

Rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming higher education worldwide, offering opportunities for personalized learning, research support and enhanced academic efficiency. However, these innovations also introduce significant ethical dilemmas, particularly around academic integrity, regulation and student dependency on AI-powered tools. This chapter explores these tensions by drawing on data from a global study conducted in early 2024, with a sample of 23,218 university students from 109 countries, including 468 students from the State University of Zanzibar (SUZA). Findings reveal widespread student engagement with AI tools, particularly for academic writing and research. While recognizing its benefits for academic efficiency, students also express concerns about AI fostering over-reliance, misinformation and increased risks of academic dishonesty. Critically, SUZA students reported limited awareness of institutional AI policies, highlighting the urgent need for structured governance frameworks. This chapter advocates for immediate action through comprehensive faculty training, AI literacy programs for students and clear regulatory measures to promote responsible AI usage.

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