Artificial intelligence and the “Smart Parliament”: The case of Albania

Abstract

Albania is facing one of the biggest technological challenges, “Artificial Intelligence”. The main legislative institution in Albania, the Albanian Parliament, has been trying to create legislation for the “embrace” of “Artificial Intelligence” in the last three years, as a condition also by the European Union. According to the “Artificial Intelligence” Index Report for 2024 by Stanford University in the United States, it turns out that the global legislative landscape has seen a significant increase in laws related to “Artificial Intelligence” in recent years. From 2016 to 2023, parliaments in 127 countries around the world approved a total of 123 draft laws mentioning “Artificial Intelligence”. These laws address a variety of issues, including educational reforms, non-discrimination in AI algorithms, and the establishment of AI training programs. This highlights the increasing recognition of the need for regulatory frameworks to manage the development and deployment of AI technologies responsibly. Such legislative measures aim to ensure that advances in AI benefit society by mitigating the potential risks of manipulation or misuse of advanced technology. Parliaments need to ensure that the adoption of AI is guided by strict policies, ethical testing, and comprehensive training. How does the Albanian Parliament stand up to such a challenge? By using the comparative method, we will attempt to bring to light the recent initiatives of the Albanian Parliament for adaptation to “Artificial Intelligence”. We will also aim to show, by quoting the Albanian legislation today, the positive and negative effects of “Artificial Intelligence” on Albanian legislation and finally some recommendations for the legislative body regarding the challenges that “Artificial Intelligence” is expected to bring.

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