The Role of AI-Powered Chatbots in Patient Engagement and Chronic Disease Management: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into healthcare systems has made a significant change in patient engagement with AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants being a key, easy-to-use, effective, and tailored part of care delivery. This review synthesizes the evidence from current studies looking at AI technologies to improve and enhance the quality of healthcare delivery in limited and digital access areas and for the chronically ill. AI-based conversational agents can assess, educate, and lend emotional support related to symptoms more quickly than humans, therefore heightening health literacy and compliance. AI-based agents are crucial in under-resourced communities where they can address issues of access to medical care and can be a much cheaper alternative. New features and functions using the latest technology-enhanced developments in machine-learning, natural language processing (NLP), and electronic health record (EHR) interfaces expand the capabilities of systems which support better patient-to-clinician communication and improved clinical workflow. More broadly, studies are now looking at their utility in medical education and clinical trials as well as applied in more expert level care contexts such as mental health and nephrology. While addressing limitations, such as data privacy, ethics, and explainability of AI-based agents is still a research gap, AI-based health products provide a disruptive shift to tension-filled, patient-centered care that is responsive and variable.

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