Academic Applications of Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Since ChatGPT was released in November 2022, the positive potential of academic applications of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools has been countered by global concerns about ethical issues and potential ramifications on critical thinking aptitude.Although academics and policymakers have discussed the importance of managing the use of GenAI tools in higher education, there is virtually no systematic description of ethical use.This study was guided by Arksey and O'Malley's framework for scoping reviews, which are beneficial when the subject is complex or has not been comprehensively reviewed, as in the current topic.Challenges in doctoral research include potential for over-reliance on AI, which may hinder the development of essential research skills and critical thinking, with additional risks of academic dishonesty if students use AIgenerated content without proper attribution or understanding.Strategies should be developed to ensure students are genuinely engaging with the material and achieving doctoral level originality and rigor.Institutions should leverage innovators and early adopters as visible champions to model responsible practices, while providing targeted support for more cautious groups such as the new users of GenAI.Implementation strategies should emphasize the clear advantages of GenAI, ensure alignment with academic values and compliance standards, reduce perceived complexity through training, allow low-risk pilot testing, and make successful outcomes observable across programs.

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