Artificial Intelligence and Ethics: A Sociological Perspective

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) represents one of the most influential technological developments of the twenty-first century, reshaping social, economic, and institutional practices across sectors such as healthcare, education, finance, transportation, and entertainment. As AI-driven systems increasingly mediate everyday decision-making and social interactions, concerns regarding their ethical implications have become central to public and academic debate. This paper investigates the interrelationship between artificial intelligence and ethics through a sociological lens. Using a review of existing scholarly literature and secondary sources, including national and international reports, the study examines major ethical issues such as algorithmic bias, transparency, accountability, data privacy, and the impact of automation on human agency and social inequality. The paper also highlights the challenges involved in governing AI technologies within existing social and regulatory frameworks. It argues that ethical AI cannot be achieved solely through technical solutions but requires socially informed policies, inclusive governance mechanisms, and normative frameworks that prioritize human well-being, social justice, and democratic values. By emphasizing the socio-ethical dimensions of artificial intelligence, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of how emerging technologies can be aligned with broader societal interests and moral responsibilities.

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