Yapay Zekâ Çağında Habercilik: Simülasyon Kuramı Ekseninde Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma

Abstract

The study focuses on the evolving understanding of journalism in the age of artificial intelligence. Based on the assumption that “ChatGPT, as an artificial intelligence model, produces professional news texts,” the research seeks to answer the question: “Can readers distinguish between news content produced by real journalists and content generated by ChatGPT?” In this context, examining the impact of AI-assisted news content on readers is of particular significance. Additionally, the study aims to explore the transformation of journalism, AI-supported news production practices, and readers’ perceptions of such content. The use of artificial intelligence in news production has raised ethical debates and concerns regarding trust, frequently linking the phenomenon to issues of disinformation. Within this framework, the study approaches the issue through the lens of Jean Baudrillard’s theory of simulation. In light of this, the research focuses on news production practices and how these practices are reflected in readers’ perceptions. Methodologically, focus group interviews consisting of 4 and 6 participants were conducted with students from the Faculty of Communication at Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University, selected through convenience sampling. All participants offered evaluations regarding the errors they identified in the news texts and visual materials during the discussions. The collected data were analyzed using a phenomenological analysis technique, and the analysis process was carried out through the MAXQDA 2020 software. The findings indicate that hyper-real news generated with artificial intelligence affects perceptions of reality in line with simulation theory and that such news content was perceived as real by the participating students.

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