Australia’s contribution to Artificial Intelligence research in medicine

Abstract

Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) research is undergoing a renaissance, brought about by advances in both machine<br/>learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). There is currently no data on Australia's contribution to AI research in medicine.<br/>We performed a bibliometric analysis to assess the quantity and quality of scientific publications concerning AI in<br/>medicine over the last ten years, and compare results from Australia to nine other countries publishing in this domain.<br/>Methods: The SCOPUS database was searched for all journal articles or conference papers containing the words<br/>“artificial intelligence”, “machine learning” or “deep learning” published in subject areas related to medicine from 1<br/>January 2008 to 31 December 2017.<br/>Results: Australia was the source of 470 papers from 2008 to 2017 and accounted for 3.45% of world’s AI, ML, and DL<br/>in medicine publications over this period. Worldwide, publications increased significantly, especially in the last 2 years<br/>of the period studied. The increase in output was notable from China (254%), India (179%), Australia (149%), and the<br/>United States (142%). When 2016 publication output is adjusted by population Australia ranks third (behind Canada and<br/>the United Kingdom), but the trend is not statistically significant. We found no significant variation in the average<br/>number of citations received per paper in any of the top publishing countries.<br/>Conclusion: The publication rate for AI, ML, and DL related to medicine has increased over the last 10 years.<br/>Australia’s contribution to AI research in this area, measured as both average citation rate or adjusted by country<br/>population is comparable in quantity and quality to other leading countries.

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