Status of AI-enabled Clinical Decision Support Systems Clinical Implementations in China

Abstract

Abstract Background AI-enabled Clinical Decision Support Systems (AI+CDSSs) were heralded to contribute greatly to the advancement of healthcare services. At present, there is an increased availability of monetary funds and technical expertise invested in projects and proposals targeting the building and implementation of such systems. Therefore, in this context of large funds and technical devotion, understanding the actual system implementation status in clinical practice is imperative. The objective of this research was to understand: 1) the current clinical implementations of AI+CDSSs in Chinese hospitals and 2) concerns regarding AI+CDSSs current and future implementations. Methods A survey supported by the China Digital Medicine journal was performed. We employed stratified cluster sampling and investigated tertiary hospitals from 6 provinces and province-level cities. Descriptive analysis, two-sided Fisher exact test, and Mann-Whitney U -test were utilized for analysis. Results Responses were collected from 160 respondents. The analyzable response rate was 86.96%. Thirty-eight of the surveyed hospitals (23.75%) had implemented AI+CDSSs. There were statistical differences on grade, scales, and medical volume between the two groups of hospitals (implemented vs. not-implemented AI+CDSSs, p <0.05). On the 5-point Likert scale, 81.58% (31/38) of respondents rated their overall satisfaction with the systems as 3 to 4. The three most-common concerns were system functions improvement and integration into the clinical process, data quality and data sharing mechanism improvement , and methodological bias . Conclusions While AI+CDSSs were not yet wide-spread in Chinese clinical settings, clinical professionals recognize the potential benefits and challenges regarding in-hospital AI+CDSSs.

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