Artificial Intelligence and Safety in Healthcare

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) can improve patient safety as well as introduce new types of safety issues. As society begins the process of identifying relevant technologies and integrating them into our everyday lives and the workplace, we need to consider the advantages of using AI while at the same time recognizing its limitations in terms of supporting activities. Nowhere is this more evident than in the healthcare industry. In healthcare, we have seen that AI improves the safety of patients by ensuring that patients receive the right medication, alerting health professionals to potential patient health issues, and helping health professionals diagnose and treat disease. Healthcare AI research has also documented cases where AI has failed or has reached the limits of its effectiveness. To address these issues, governments, policymakers, regulatory authorities, the technology industry, and the education sector will need to create broad multisector changes to address these issues. These include developing new processes for testing, implementing, and educating health professionals and patients about the benefits and limitations of AI. In this chapter, we look at the benefits, issues, challenges, and also the future of AI in healthcare as society learns how to integrate these new technologies into healthcare and we all develop norms around its use.

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