Guidance for Researchers and Peer-reviewers on the Ethical Use of Large Language Models (LLM) in Scientific Research Workflows

Abstract

For researchers interested in exploring the exciting applications of Large Language Models (LLMs) in their scientific investigations, there is currently limited guidance and few norms for them to consult. Similarly, those providing peer-reviews on research articles where LLMs were used are without conventions or standards to apply or guidelines to follow. This situation is understandable given the rapid and recent development of LLMs that are capable of valuable contributions to research workflows (such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT). Nevertheless, now is the time to begin the development of norms, conventions, and standards that can be applied by researchers and peer-reviewers. By applying the principles of Artificial Intelligence (AI) ethics, we can better ensure that the use of LLMs in scientific research aligns with ethical principles and best practices. This editorial hopes to inspire further dialogue and research in this crucial area of scientific investigation.

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