User Intentions to Use ChatGPT for Self-Diagnosis and Health-Related Purposes: Cross-sectional Survey Study

Abstract

Our research investigated factors influencing users' intentions to use ChatGPT for self-diagnosis and health-related purposes. Even though the technology is not specifically designed for health care, people are inclined to use ChatGPT in health care contexts. Instead of solely focusing on discouraging its use for health care purposes, we advocate for improving the technology and adapting it for suitable health care applications. Our study highlights the importance of collaboration among AI developers, health care providers, and policy makers in ensuring AI chatbots' safe and responsible use in health care. By understanding users' expectations and decision-making processes, we can develop AI chatbots, such as ChatGPT, that are tailored to human needs, providing reliable and verified health information sources. This approach not only enhances health care accessibility but also improves health literacy and awareness. As the field of AI chatbots in health care continues to evolve, future research should explore the long-term effects of using AI chatbots for self-diagnosis and investigate their potential integration with other digital health interventions to optimize patient care and outcomes. In doing so, we can ensure that AI chatbots, including ChatGPT, are designed and implemented to safeguard users' well-being and support positive health outcomes in health care settings.

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