Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer: A Disruptive or Constructive Technology?

Abstract

There is a lot of buzz going around the word Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT) and artificial intelligence (AI) in dentistry. The interpretation on this topic is wide and diverse because of the diversity in the thought process of dentists, the varied age groups, and ChatGPT or AI applications in different dental specialties. AI in general and AI in dentistry or medicine, in particular, started gaining its foothold with the advent of data computing as well as cloud computing ability and availability of the vast amount of data collected. With the vast amount of data, for example, in the field of radiology, a specific algorithm was created, which further helped for diagnosing and suggesting probable treatment options.[1] As an avid Sci-fi Movie buff, I recently came across the movie Ex Machina. Ex Machina is a science fiction movie that explores the relationship between a young programmer, Caleb Smith, and an advanced humanoid robot named Ava, who is created by Caleb’s employer, Nathan Bateman. In this movie, the protagonist is selected to test the advanced humanoid AI robot for its efficacy of human-like behavior. As the conversations unfold, the AI machine learning takes over in humanoid, faster than the human mind and adapts to the Turing test, a measure of a machine’s ability to exhibit human-like intelligence. What unfolds is exciting and chilling at the same time. So what is ChatGpt? ChatGPT is a sibling model to InstructGPT, which is trained to follow an instruction in a prompt and provide a detailed response. ChatGPT is an AI program that generates text based on written prompts; this program has gained a great deal of popularity as evidenced by its web-based accessibility through OpenAI.[2] ChatGPT is a natural language processing model with 175 billion parameters that uses deep learning algorithms to generate responses similar to those of humans. As a versatile conversational agent, it can handle various topics, making it useful for customer service, chatbots, and other applications. Although it has received a lot of attention for exceptional features such as generating Shakespearean sonnets, its inability to answer straightforward math questions has also been noted.[3] There are several versions of ChatGPT as it is evolving continuously. The following versions were given as a prompt to ChatGPT. There are several versions of the GPT language model developed by OpenAI, which are designed to perform a range of natural language processing tasks, such as text completion, summarization, and translation. Here are some of the notable versions of GPT: as answered by ChatGPT: GPT-1: This was the first version of the GPT language model, released by OpenAI in 2018. It was trained on a large corpus of the text and had 117 million parameters GPT-2: Released in 2019, GPT-2 is a larger and more powerful version of the GPT model, with 1.5 billion parameters. It generated controversy due to its ability to generate coherent and realistic-sounding text that some felt could be used for nefarious purposes GPT-3: Released in 2020, GPT-3 is currently the largest and most powerful version of the GPT model, with 175 billion parameters. It has demonstrated impressive performance on a range of natural language processing tasks, including language translation, question answering, and even creative writing GPT-Neo: This is an open-source implementation of the GPT model developed by EleutherAI, a community-driven research organization. It is designed to be more accessible and transparent than the original GPT models and has been trained on large-scale datasets using distributed computing GPT-J: Released in 2021, GPT-J is a variant of GPT-3 with 6 billion parameters, developed by EleutherAI using open-source tools and distributed computing resources. It is intended to be more accessible than GPT-3, which is only available through OpenAI’s API. These are just a few examples of the versions of the GPT language model that have been developed. As natural language processing continues to evolve, it is likely that we will see further advancements in this technology, including even more powerful versions of the GPT model. Thus, now as we understand what it is and what can be done with this advanced AI interface, the further question of its importance in dentistry is eminent. Another prompt about the use of ChatGPT in dentistry gave us the following answer. As a language model, ChatGPT can provide assistance to dentists in various ways, such as: Patient communication: Dentists can use CatGpt to generate responses to commonly asked questions by patients, including procedures, aftercare instructions, and dental hygiene advice. This can save time and effort for the dental team while improving patient satisfaction Diagnosis and treatment planning: CatGpt can help dentists with diagnosing conditions and planning treatments by providing relevant information and suggestions based on the patient’s symptoms, medical history, and other factors Education and research: CatGPT can assist in creating educational materials and conducting research by generating accurate and relevant content for various dental topics Electronic health records (EHRs): CatGPT can assist in recording patient data and generating EHRs, which can help dentists make informed decisions and provide better care to patients Marketing and patient outreach: CatGPT can help dental practices create marketing materials and outreach campaigns by generating content that resonates with potential patients. Overall, CatGPT can provide a valuable tool for dentists to improve patient care, enhance their practice, and advance the field of dentistry. ChatGPT is indeed a very useful chatbot that can be helpful in many applications in dentistry and health care. We have already seen the use of AI in orthodontics, radiology, and 3D imaging. What we have to be careful of when dealing with this technology is the monitoring of its interpretations? However, it comes with its own disadvantages and limitations. The use of ChatGPT can place the patient’s privacy at risk because it needs to collect and store the patient’s data and medical history to perform its required task.[4] When it comes to privacy risks, ChatGPT contains personal information from all over the Internet.[5] This raises concerns regarding patients’ confidentiality. ChatGPT has greatly impacted dental education and higher education. Hence, students can use ChatGPT to write assignments without fully comprehending them and putting in their full effort. Therefore, traditional efforts to write an essay may need to be changed. People, mostly nonnative speakers, have used ChatGPT to make their scientific writing more fluent and to reach standards. However, when it comes to interpreting graphs and tables, it fails to give relevant information. However, when it comes to writing, ChatGPT has demonstrated flawed and fabricated research and even plagiarism has been noted.[6] Thus, the answer to the question, is ChatGPT is disruptive or constructive, is like a movie Ex Machina. It is an open-ended interpretation, which depends on who is answering it and who understands it. It seems that all these AI-driven technologies will surpass the human intelligence, but it is nice to remember that, at the helm of it, all is a human with intelligence and emotional quotient.

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