Artificial Intelligence–Based Clinical Decision Support Systems in Geriatrics: An Ethical Analysis

Abstract

ObjectivesTo provide an ethical analysis of the implications of the usage of artificial intelligence–supported clinical decision support systems (AI-CDSS) in geriatrics.DesignEthical analysis based on the normative arguments regarding the use of AI-CDSS in geriatrics using a principle-based ethical framework.Setting and ParticipantsNormative arguments identified in 29 articles on AI-CDSS in geriatrics.MethodsOur analysis is based on a literature search that was done to determine ethical arguments that are currently discussed regarding AI-CDSS. The relevant articles were subjected to a detailed qualitative analysis regarding the ethical considerations Supplementary Datamentioned therein. We then discussed the identified arguments within the frame of the 4 principles of medical ethics according to Beauchamp and Childress and with respect to the needs of frail older adults.ResultsWe found a total of 5089 articles; 29 articles met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently subjected to a detailed qualitative analysis. We could not identify any systematic analysis of the ethical implications of AI-CDSS in geriatrics. The ethical considerations are very unsystematic and scattered, and the existing literature has a predominantly technical focus emphasizing the technology's utility. In an extensive ethical analysis, we systematically discuss the ethical implications of the usage of AI-CDSS in geriatrics.Conclusions and ImplicationsAI-CDSS in geriatrics can be a great asset, especially when dealing with patients with cognitive disorders; however, from an ethical perspective, we see the need for further research. By using AI-CDSS, older patients’ values and beliefs might be overlooked, and the quality of the doctor-patient relationship might be altered, endangering compliance to the 4 ethical principles of Beauchamp and Childress.

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