Maximizing Patient Safety with ChatGPT: A Novel Method for Calculating Drug Dosage

Abstract

Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT) is a natural language processing (NLP) platform powered by OpenAI’s (artificial intelligence) GPT-3 system. It enables users to generate sentences and conversations from the GPT-3 model without having to write any code.[1] ChatGPT offers prebuilt datasets that can train chatbots, as well as an easy-to-use application programming interface (API) for building custom applications. The main difference between ChatGPT and Playground counterparts is that the latter allows the users to build their own models using datasets provided by ChatGPT or uploaded from external sources, while the former provides only preloaded datasets with limited functionality.[2] Medical professionals require precise and accurate information to ensure the safety and well-being of their patients. The calculation of drug dosages is a crucial aspect of this, as it varies based on factors such as age, weight, and overall health of the patient. However, memorizing these dosages can be time-consuming and challenging, especially with the constant evolution of medical knowledge. This is where ChatGPT and NLP technologies come into play. By using the API of ChatGPT, medical professionals can automate the calculation of drug dosages, freeing up more time to focus on other important tasks. With a simple query in natural language, they can quickly and accurately determine the appropriate dose for their patients. For example, asking “What is the standard dose of atropine for a 3-year-old child weighing 6 kg?” will provide a prompt and reliable response based on information from the standard medical textbooks. This method is far more efficient than traditional methods, such as manually looking up information in textbooks or performing complex calculations. The NLP technology of ChatGPT can provide the information in a matter of seconds, allowing medical professionals to make informed decisions quickly. It is important to note that the Jan 30 Version of ChatGPT has been restricted to prevent the dissemination of potentially dangerous information. However, using the API to build customized models for medical professionals, these limitations can be overcome. Various predetermined doses from the standard textbook[3] were used on both the chatbot itself and in Playground using the text-davinci-003 model using specific parameters [Figure 1]; responses have been tabulated [Tables 1 and 2] as evidence of the accuracy and efficiency of this approach.Figure 1: Parameters used for PlaygroundTable 1: Responses from text-davinci-003 model on Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer and PlaygroundTable 2: Responses from Chat Generative Pretrained TransformerIt has been found that the use of OpenAI’s ChatGPT model and its API has the potential to be a valuable tool for medical professionals to improve patient safety and increase efficiency in health care. The responses generated by the customized text-davinci-003 model tend to be precise and to the point, and have the flexibility to be modified to meet specific needs. The accuracy of the model was found to be 80% compared to textbook medical knowledge. The ChatGPT model has a more intuitive chatbot style of a user interface [Figure 2], making it easier for the general public to use, compared to OpenAI’s Playground, which requires fine-tuning to meet specific needs [Figure 3] and does not have a user-friendly interface. The responses generated by ChatGPT varied greatly depending on the prompt given and were also more comprehensive, often including a cautionary note to seek guidance from a licensed health-care professional. This indicates that the intended audience for the chatbot is the general public. In conclusion, the use of OpenAI’s ChatGPT model and its API has the potential to be a valuable tool for medical professionals when trained with appropriate data and modified to meet specific needs. The model can improve patient safety and increase the efficiency of health care; however, it should always be used in the context of a comprehensive evaluation by a licensed health-care professional.Figure 2: The user interface of ChatGPTFigure 3: The user interface of PlaygroundFinancial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.

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