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How Generative AI Portrays Science. Interviewing ChatGPT from the Perspective of Different Audience Segments
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5
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2023
Jahr
Abstract
Generative AI in general and ChatGPT in particular have risen in importance. ChatGPT is widely known and used increasingly as an information source for different topics, including science. It is therefore relevant how ChatGPT portrays science and science-related topics. Research on this question is lacking, however. Hence, we “interview” ChatGPT and reconstruct how it presents science, scientists, scientific misbehavior and controversial scientific fields. Combining qualitative and quantitative content analysis, we find that, generally, ChatGPT portrays science largely as the STEM disciplines, in a positivist-empiricist way and a positive light. We compare ChatGPT’s responses to different simulated user profiles and two versions of GPT and find similarities in that the scientific consensus on questions like climate change, COVID-19 vaccinations or astrology is consistently conveyed across them. Beyond these similarities in substance, however, pronounced differences are found in the personalization of responses to different user profiles and between GPT-3.5 and GPT-4.
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