Chances and Challenges of EFL Teaching Powered by ChatGPT on Developing the Students’ Critical Thinking

Abstract

The emerging Artificial Intelligence chatbot - ChatGPT has captured the attention and interest of individuals worldwide. Its potential for application in education, specifically in EFL teaching, is promising. However, studies on the role of ChatGPT in EFL teaching within China remain limited. Previous research primarily focuses on examining ChatGPT and its implementation in other educational fields. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the opportunities and potential challenges associated with integrating ChatGPT into EFL teaching, emphasizing the development of critical thinking skills among students. This qualitative study involved four college teachers from Southern China who have been utilizing ChatGPT in their teaching since its launch. Semi-structured interviews were conducted revealed that using ChatGPT supports teachers in enhancing both the quality and efficiency of their instruction while simultaneously providing personalized learning support for their students. However, there are concerns regarding students' overreliance on the chatbot leading to a lack of critical thinking were noted. Consequently, this study provides some strategies to encourage critical thinking among students. These strategies include fostering students' independence of thought, facilitating group discussions and debates, employing project-based teaching (PBL), and introducing writing exercises into teaching methods. This research is highly significant for the integration of ChatGPT into EFL teaching, as it serves as valuable reference material for educators seeking guidance on how to use this innovative tool effectively. Future studies can expand on these results by conducting quantitative analyses of EFL teaching and ChatGPT integration.

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