From Early Adoption to Ethical Adoption: A Diffusion of Innovation Perspective on ChatGPT and Large Language Models in the Classroom

Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive framework and actionable recommendations for the ethical integration of ChatGPT and other Large Language Models (LLMs) into the academic environment from a Diffusion of Innovation Theory perspective. It provides a critical analysis of the technology's potential benefits and risks in education and proposes a conceptual adoption model using critical DOI factors including the comparative benefits it offers, its compatibility with existing systems, its level of complexity, the ability to trial it, and its observability. Thorough guidelines on different assessment methods like surveys, interviews, and case studies are recommended to evaluate these factors regarding ChatGPT uptake. Additionally, strategies are discussed to promote responsible use, such as developing guidelines, assessing biases, and aligning with education policies. We call for interdisciplinary research between stakeholders, including educators, policymakers, and AI experts, to address LLM's multifaceted impacts on education.

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