Factual situation and empirical basis

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) applications have become more and more important in the area of medical decision-making. This is accompanied by increasing legal and ethical discussions about responsibility for potential damages. Furthermore, it could be necessary that the humans involved still are - and feel - responsible for the decisions to uphold certain standards. The solution cannot be to attribute individual responsibility if normatively inadequate, especially if the person involved in the shared decision making with AI does not fully understand the process leading towards the suggestions by the machine, or the quality of the data the machine has been trained on. Thus, it is necessary to create shared decision making in a way that it is acceptable to attribute responsibility to the human in the loop. This chapter describes how meaningful human control over the machine can be implemented, reconciling AI-controlled clinical decision support systems with the doctor and patient sovereignty.

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