The Role of AI in Neurosurgery

Abstract

Background: The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms is experiencing a significant surge in their integration within the realm of neurosurgery. These AI and ML algorithms stand apart from other technological advancements due to their capacity to enable computers to acquire learning abilities, engage in reasoning, and employ problem-solving skills akin to those inherent in humans. This review provides an overview of the current application of AI in neurosurgery, highlights the challenges that require attention, and offers insights into what lies ahead in this field. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature review focusing on the utilization of AI in neurosurgery and its prospective impact on neurosurgical research. Results: The online literature pertaining to AI's use in neurosurgery reveals a broad spectrum of topics encompassing both current applications and future implications. Predominantly, research is concentrated in the areas of diagnostics, outcome prediction, and treatment models. Conclusion: The potential of AI in the field of medicine and neurosurgery is indeed remarkable; however, numerous challenges must be addressed before its widespread integration in neurosurgery becomes a reality. These challenges encompass issues such as patient privacy, access to high-quality data, and the risk of excessive dependence on AI by surgeons. The future of AI in neurosurgery is envisioned to revolve around a patient-centered approach, supporting clinical tasks, and aiding in patient diagnosis and preoperative assessment.

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