Tracking knowledge evolution, hotspots and future directions of generative artificial intelligence in medicine: A bibliometric and visualized analysis (Preprint)

Abstract

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> The advancements in generative artificial intelligence (AI) represent a convergence of multiple fields and sectors, and play a crucial role in the evolution of AI technology, fostering innovation and transformation across a wide array of industrie,including medicine.There is a lack of comprehensive and systematic literature review in medical field. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> To present the current research landscape, key areas of interest, and emerging trends within generative AI in medicine. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> The papers analyzed were sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection conducted from the database's inception up to 4 November 2024. After checking for duplicates, two authors independently conducted the literature screening. Four instruments were employed for bibliometric and visual analysis: Bibliometrix (version 4.4.2), VOSviewer (version 1.6.20), CiteSpace (version 6.4.R1 Basic), and Excel (WPS 12.1.0.18912). </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> 5,284 publications were included in this analysis, sourced from 1,776 distinct journals and authored by 22,002 individuals. 2023 experienced a significant surge in the number of publications, which now accounts for 99.2% of the total count. The countries with the highest number of publications were the United States (184, 34.9%) and China (572, 10.8%). United Kingdom has the highest average citations per article(11.0). Harvard University lead the list in terms of the volume of published research articles(419). The leading journals with the highest number of publications are the Cureus Journal of Medical Science (257, 4.8%) and the Journal of Medical Internet Research (93, 1.8%). The most prolific author were Wiwanitkit V(78), Daungsupawong H(45), and Klang E(31), while SETH I and KLANG E emerged as the most impactful author. The top keywords, formed 12 clusters. Artificial intelligence (1880), large language models (1139), natural language processing (357), are the top three keywords in terms of frequency of occurrence. The keyword time trend graph shows that ChatGPT became one of the important keywords in 2023. The keyword clustering analysis resulted 12 clusters. The keyword with the strongest citation burst was "medical education". </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> There was a significant surge in the number of publications since 2023. The application of generative AI in medicine revolves (1) Explore the application in clinical decision support, medical education, patient education, and therapeutic personalization(2) issues of reliability, applicability, and associated risks. The model of generative AI in medicine should be optimized through interdisciplinary collaboration and international cooperation in the future. </sec> <sec> <title>CLINICALTRIAL</title> Not applicable </sec>

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