Charming or chilling? A comprehensive review of ChatGPT’s in education sector

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive review of ChatGPT in the education sector. By delving into the published literature, the research aims to uncover the benefits, drawbacks, present applications and prospective uses of ChatGPT for various stakeholders. Design/methodology/approach The research employs quantitative methodologies. Utilizing the Scopus database, the authors applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses framework to gather data. Additionally, the study includes a bibliometric analysis conducted through the VOSviewer visualization tool and R Studio to achieve the research objectives. Findings ChatGPT is making a transformative impact on the education sector. A thorough literature review revealed that ChatGPT has several benefits and drawbacks for students and educators. Additionally, the study sheds light on present applications of ChatGPT and explores its prospective uses for its key stakeholders. Research limitations/implications PRISMA methodology in systematic reviews faces challenges in handling publication bias and evaluating study quality. Systematic reviews are limited by their inability to comprehensively cover all relevant research and depend on the quality of included studies. Bibliometric analyses may oversimplify research landscapes, neglecting qualitative insights. The research relies on existing literature, introducing potential biases due to varied accessibility. The study’s focus on the Scopus database and time constraints may exclude recent significant studies. Practical implications The study has several recommendations for educational institutions, students, educators, administrative staff and ChatGPT service providers. These recommendations collectively aim to provide comprehensive guidance to stakeholders, fostering an environment where ChatGPT can effectively transform the education sector. Originality/value This research conducts a comprehensive examination of ChatGPT in the education sector, with a primary emphasis on exploring its prospective uses for students, educators and administrative staff. By highlighting the potential benefits, the study aims to provide key stakeholders with opportunities to leverage ChatGPT for the transformation of the education sector.

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