Attitudes, perceptions, and knowledge of dental professionals toward artificial intelligence: a systematic literature review (Preprint)

Abstract

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping various aspects of dental practice, from diagnosis to treatment planning. However, the adoption of AI technologies by dental professionals centers on their attitudes, perceptions, and knowledge, which have not been systematically reviewed across a broad spectrum of dental providers. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This systematic literature review (SLR) aims to investigate current evidence on attitudes, perceptions, and knowledge of AI among dental professionals. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> A comprehensive search was conducted in four databases PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar up to November 6, 2024. A total of 324 papers were identified, with 44 included studies after rigorous screening. Studies were assessed for quality and relevance, focusing on attitudes, perceptions, and knowledge of dental professionals toward AI applications in dentistry. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> The included papers highlighted a growing interest in AI, with the majority of studies (n=17, 38.6%) published in 2024. Geographically, the bulk of research came from India (n=16, 36.4%) and Saudi Arabia (n=7, 15.9%), indicating a significant focus in these regions. Most studies were cross-sectional (97.7%) and used non-probability sampling (75.0%). Regarding AI applications, the most common focus was on general dentistry AI applications (n=29, 65.9%). Notably, 86.4% of studies reported using validated questionnaires or interviews. Awareness and knowledge of AI varied, with significant gaps highlighted in AI training and curriculum integration. Attitudes and perceptions were generally positive, with a cautious outlook on its integration into clinical practice. Concerns were evident regarding AI's potential to replace human roles, with mixed feelings about AI’s capacity to supplant professional expertise. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> Dental professionals exhibit a cautiously positive attitude towards AI, recognizing its potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes. However, substantial gaps in knowledge and training underscore the need for enhanced educational programs. The findings advocate for the strategic integration of AI technologies into dental curricula and practice, with a focus on ethical considerations and ongoing professional development to accommodate future technological advancements. </sec>

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