Nurses’ Intention to Integrate Artificial Intelligence into their Practice: Survey Study in Canada (Preprint)

Abstract

<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare is set to revolutionize the sector, offering opportunities to enhance diagnostic accuracy, personalize treatment, and improve patient outcomes. However, little is known about nurses’ readiness to integrate AI into their professional practice. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This study aimed to identify the key factors influencing nurses’ intention to integrate AI into their practice. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> An online survey was distributed to 3,000 members of the professional order of nurses in Québec, Canada. A total of 312 nurses participated, with 307 completing the full questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> Nurses’ beliefs about the role of AI and trust in AI were found to significantly predict intention to integrate AI. Facilitating conditions influenced beliefs and familiarity with AI, which in turn shaped perceptions of AI’s impact. The model explained 65% of the variance in behavioral intention. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> The findings underscore the importance of enhancing nurses’ familiarity with AI and fostering positive beliefs and attitudes to promote integration. Educational strategies targeting these beliefs can facilitate AI adoption in nursing. </sec>

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