Exploring the use of ChatGPT-4o in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for university students: enhancing mental health with AI-powered voice interaction

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been applied in various fields such as healthcare for diagnosing diseases. ChatGPT- 4o, a generative AI chatbot powered by a Large Language Model (LLM) with improved real-time voice, represented a significant step forward in interactive communication. This study applied the framework of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology to investigate university students experiences and perception of using ChatGPT-4o as a therapist, exploring ChatGPT-4os therapeutic potential. The research findings suggested that ChatGPT-4o, with its authentic human voice interaction, could create a natural and engaging conversation, offering affordable and convenient mental health support especially when human therapists were not available. Moreover, participants valued its non-judgmental space for easier emotional expression and practical multi-faceted advice. However, findings also reported that AI may fall short compared to human therapists in the lack of emotional depth and empathy. This study filled the literature gap through its focus on university students experiences and perceptions of ChatGPT-4o as a primary therapist with real-time voice interaction, an area that had not been thoroughly explored in previous studies on AI tools in therapy. Meanwhile, it further helped to provide valuable perspectives on how AI could enhance emotional well-being by providing adaptable, readily available support.

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