Exploring AI Integration among Healthcare Professionals in Bangladesh: Opportunities, Challenges, and Ethical Concerns

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is significantly revolutionizing global healthcare systems by increasing diagnostic accuracy, optimizing treatment methods and improving patient outcomes. However, its effective integration in resource-constrained settings like Bangladesh presents challenges related to infrastructure, ethics, and professional preparedness. This research aimed to explore the perceptions of healthcare professionals in Bangladesh regarding the integration of AI in healthcare services, with a focus on identifying its opportunities, barriers, and ethical concerns. A qualitative research design was employed using semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 20 healthcare professionals conducted between January 1, 2023, and January 10, 2025. Participants included doctors, nurses, hospital administrators, and technology developers from five public and private medical institutions in Bangladesh based on specific inclusion criteria. The study involved participants who had limited knowledge about AI and healthcare professionals with at least two years of experience. These data were thematically analyzed using NVivo 14 software. The study identified five key themes and various subthemes. These themes are (I) AI and communication in a healthcare context, (II) Transformative potential of AI, (III) Barriers to AI adoption in healthcare, (IV) Ethical and legal considerations, and (V) Need for training & skill development. However, despite their limited knowledge of AI, participants expressed positive views regarding its potential to address challenges in Bangladesh’s healthcare sector, highlighting its capacity to enhance healthcare providers' efficiency, improve workflow, save time, and reduce medical errors.

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