A Possible Risk Governance Approach for AI in Health Research and Biobanking

Abstract

Artificial intelligence is a promising area that has enormous potential in the area of health research and biobanking. However, along with great benefits, AI gives rise to risks. In order to find a proper balance between potentialities and risks of AI, a reflection on risk governance of AI is needed. In literature, several approaches have been proposed, such as the Precautionary Principle, the Cost-Benefit Analysis, the Responsible Innovation, the Proactionary Principle, and the Innovation Principle. Each of them, if taken alone and on its own, is insufficient and inadequate. The chapter demonstrates that a “combined” approach, reading in conjunction with some aspects of the different approaches, is the most suitable for risk management of AI applications. The EU with its recently adopted Artificial Intelligence Act seems to embrace such a “combined” risk governance approach, even if not consciously and lacking some elements.

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