How Do Doctors Perceive AI in Their Medical Practice?

Abstract

Although Artificial Intelligence (AI) has proven to be valuable in healthcare, its application in clinical practice is still not widespread. We conducted an online survey among clinicians and medical physicists from Italian professional associations to investigate the perceived drivers and barriers to the use of AI in medical practice. Increased efficiency is the main driver for physicians to use AI systems, while the main barriers are related to trust and availability in clinical settings. Efficiency is linked to saving time in task management, but this requires trust in the technology. However, doctors believe that AI cannot replace their knowledge and ask to be involved in the development of the socio-technical system. At the organisational level, the slow adoption revolves around two main criticalities: their economic resources and the attitude of their management. Large centres led by innovation-driven management tend to favour the introduction of AI, while small and less wealthy centres will find it more difficult to integrate AI.

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