Research on ChatGPT in education in Asia: a bibliometric analysis (2022–2025)

Abstract

Since its release in November 2022, ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI, has gained significant attention. The current study explores the emerging role of ChatGPT in education across Asia. Using the PRISMA guidelines, 1665 articles published between 2022 and March 2025 were retrieved from the Scopus database. Bibliometric tools (Bibliometrix, VOSviewer) were used for data analysis. The findings reveal that ChatGPT in education is a rapidly developing research area, with an impressive annual growth rate of 545.53%, reflecting the rapid expansion of research in this field. Sallam, M. and Rudolph, J. are identified as the most prolific authors in this field. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, Education and Information Technologies, and JMIR Medical Education emerge as the leading journals. The most influential institutions contributing to this research are the University of Hong Kong, the National University of Singapore, and the University of Jordan. In terms of geographic distribution, China, India, and Saudi Arabia lead in research output on this subject. Future research directions emphasize key topics such as critical thinking, self-regulated learning, academic performance, social media, ChatGPT-4, and Gemini, underscoring the evolving role of AI in education. This analysis offers both theoretical and practical insights, providing valuable guidance for students, educators, policymakers, and scholars in optimizing the potential of ChatGPT within Asian education systems.

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