The emerging role of ChatGPT in cancer and burn research: Applications in wound healing and regenerative medicine

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly shaping biomedical sciences, offering opportunities to accelerate discovery and translation. Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), as a large language model, demonstrates potential to enhance cancer research, tissue repair, and burn care by rapidly synthesizing evidence, generating hypotheses, and supporting decision-making. This review examines ChatGPT’s emerging role in oncology and regenerative medicine, emphasizing the biological parallels between tumor progression and wound healing, including immune modulation, angiogenesis, fibroblast activation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. In oncology, ChatGPT may facilitate the identification of biomarkers, drug discovery, and the development of personalized therapeutic strategies. In regenerative medicine, it can assist in designing biomaterials, optimizing scaffolds, and contextualizing multi-omics data to accelerate tissue engineering. In burn management, ChatGPT shows promise in wound assessment, infection monitoring, fluid resuscitation guidance, scar prediction, and clinical education. To illustrate these applications, we conducted a conceptual simulation of ChatGPT responses in burn care, highlighting its utility for rapid evidence retrieval and training support. Despite these opportunities, ChatGPT faces critical limitations: a lack of domain expertise, contextual misinterpretation, data bias, and reliance on validation by human experts. Ethical challenges, including transparency, data privacy, and clinical reliability, further underscore the need for a cautious approach to integrating these technologies. Overall, ChatGPT should be considered a complementary assistant rather than a replacement for scientific and clinical expertise. With responsible implementation, continuous refinement, and interdisciplinary collaboration, it holds the potential to transform cancer biology, wound healing, and regenerative medicine, ultimately contributing to more precise, efficient, and patient-centered healthcare.

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