ChatGPT and other large language models for childhood asthma

Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini have become widely accessible since 2022. As childhood asthma remains the most common chronic paediatric condition with persistent gaps in optimal management, these tools present both opportunities and challenges for families and healthcare professionals. This narrative review examines the role of commercially available LLMs in childhood asthma care, exploring their fundamental principles, current evidence, and potential applications. Studies show that LLMs can generate medically accurate and comprehensible responses to asthma-related queries. Healthcare professionals may also benefit from rapid summarisation and tailored educational content. However, risks include hallucinations, bias, and data privacy concerns. Further research is required to evaluate the safety, clinical utility, and real-world acceptability of LLMs - particularly in acute asthma management by families and in supporting clinical decisions by healthcare professionals - and to guide the development of reliable, inclusive tools tailored to paediatric respiratory care.

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