Development of the Artificial Intelligence Perception and Attitude Scale (AIPAS)

Abstract

Given the increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into daily life, understanding public perception and attitudes towards these technologies is crucial. This research introduces the ‘Artificial Intelligence Perception and Attitude Scale’ (AIPAS), developed to comprehensively assess individuals' perceptions and attitudes towards AI technologies. The instrument evaluates four distinct yet interconnected sub-dimensions: Positive Perception (evaluating optimistic views and perceived benefits), Negative Perception (assessing concerns and anxieties), Generative Media Use (gauging interaction with AI in creative media generation), and Chatbot Interaction (focusing on experiences with conversational AI). Validation and reliability testing involved 1,600 participants from Türkiye. Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed a clear four-factor structure with 24 items, accounting for 73.59% of the total variance. Confirmatory Factor Analysis affirmed this structure, yielding strong fit indices (x²/sd = 1.54, RMSEA = .07, CFI = .97, TLI = .97). The scale’s overall internal consistency, measured by Cronbach's alpha, was excellent at .93, with sub-dimension alphas ranging robustly between .90 and .96. These findings demonstrate that AIPAS is a reliable and valid tool, offering a nuanced instrument for examining the multifaceted nature of AI-related perceptions and attitudes, particularly within the Turkish context, and providing a valuable resource for future research and policy-making.

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