Effectiveness of Accurate ChatGPT Commands in Enhancing A2 Level Academic Writing Feedback

Abstract

Academic writing presents significant challenges for beginner learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL), where learners tend to make mistakes in grammar, coherence, and structure. Feedback is essential for the development of writing, yet in traditional instructional models it is not always provided with the quality or frequency required. This study explores the effectiveness of ChatGPT-generated feedback in enhancing academic writing skills among A2-level English as a Foreign Language learners. Involving a pre-post experimental design, 45 students participated over a fourteen-week intervention period within two groups: one receiving traditional instruction and the other using ChatGPT guided by a tailored prompt created by the principal researcher: "Evaluate this paragraph based on Cambridge A2-level standards (CEFR) for Content, Organization, and Language (vocabulary and grammar). Provide specific feedback". The results showed statistically significant gains in writing performance for the experimental group, especially in language accuracy and structural organization, with no regression in any skill area, confirming that AI feedback has the potential to facilitate language acquisition among participants at a beginner level, without compromising learner autonomy, when conducted through a structured approach. The research indicates that ChatGPT can be utilized as a pedagogical tool in addition to regular education, serving as a scalable resource with the aid of clear evaluative criteria. Future research is encouraged to expand this approach to other CEFR proficiency levels and explore learners' qualitative experiences with AI feedback. Highlights The first quasi-experimental study used structured ChatGPT prompts to improve A2-level academic writing in EFL settings. Inter-rater reliability validates the statistically significant increases in grammar, vocabulary, and organization demonstrated. Provide a feasible 12-week intervention framework that teachers can incorporate into their weekly lesson plans. Emphasize the balance between AI feedback and human mediation, supporting the pedagogical foundation. Provides implications for extending AI-assisted feedback across multiple CEFR competency levels and investigating cognitive processes involved in L2 writing

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