Invisible but essential: the radiologist's central role in the digital era

Abstract

Radiology has experienced profound changes over recent decades, mainly due to technological progress and, more recently, the advent of artificial intelligence (AI). Nevertheless, radiologists are still too often regarded merely as image interpreters, while their broader clinical, interpretive, and relational contributions remain undervalued. This narrative review examines the current and evolving role of radiologists in the digital era, focusing on the integration of medical expertise with advanced technologies, including AI. Relevant literature was considered to highlight the balance between automation and the irreplaceable human component in diagnostic imaging. The radiology report must be recognized as a true medical act, the outcome of a complex pathway that combines clinical history, professional expertise, specialized knowledge, and critical image interpretation. While AI contributes to managing large datasets, accelerating analysis, and improving workflow efficiency, it lacks the capacity to replicate human judgment, nuanced reasoning, and empathy. Rather than replacing radiologists, AI should be framed as a complementary instrument that enhances efficiency, reduces repetitive tasks, and frees time for direct patient engagement and refined diagnostic evaluation. Radiologists remain central figures in modern healthcare, uniquely positioned to merge technology, science, and humanity. Their expertise ensures diagnostic accuracy, appropriateness of care, and patient-centered practice in an era increasingly defined by digitalization and automation. AI represents an important support, but the radiologist’s role as a clinician and communicator remains indispensable.

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