Comparative Analysis of Generative AI in Shipbuilding: Evaluating Grok, Gemini, and ChatGPT in the Design and Production of Harbor Tugs

Abstract

This study analyzes the performance of three generative artificial intelligence models-Grok (xAI), Gemini (Google), and ChatGPT (OpenAI)-in creating and responding to a questionnaire consisting of 80 questions about the eight production phases of the ASD 2312 tugboat in a shipyard. The phases covered include: Commercial Proposal and Contract; Engineering and Planning; Materials Procurement; Fabrication and Assembly; Electrical and Mechanical Systems; Painting and Finishing; Commissioning and Delivery; and finally, After-Sales. Two naval engineers with over 10 years of experience evaluated the questions and answers based on three criteria-Usefulness, Originality, and Clarity-assigning scores from 1 to 5. The answers were also rated using the same scale, and the variability of the results was examined through standard deviation. The results indicate that the ChatGPT model stood out positively overall, demonstrating greater consistency in answers applicable to shipbuilding. In a criterion-specific analysis, Grok achieved the highest score in Usefulness, Gemini excelled in Originality, and ChatGPT was superior in Clarity.

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