Opportunities and Challenges of AI Adoption in Higher Education, a Post COVID-19 Analysis

Abstract

The advent of Generative Artificial Intelligence tools has been transformative in several respects. One of the sectors most affected by the advent of AI tools, such as ChatGPT and other AI-based tools, has been the education sector. The advent of AI tools was received with mixed feelings by sectoral stakeholders, with fears that AI would disrupt the traditional status quo. This bibliometric study aimed to examine the debate within the BRICS original grouping to understand the key opportunities and challenges of AI deployment in higher education in the period post the COVID-19 pandemic. A review of 1000 journal articles published in Web of Science indexed journals and analysed using VOSviewer revealed that AI provides numerous advantages for higher education, ranging from aiding in the ease of doing research, teaching, and learning improvements. In contrast, there are several challenges posed by AI usage which have to do with trust issues and ethical considerations in their usage, which could potentially harm the achievement of deeper pedagogical development, among others. There is need to rethink the curriculum and assessment to ensure higher pedagogical development and continued education on the ethical use of AI in the sector to fully benefit from the advantages it offers.

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