Integration of Large Language Models in Personal Statements for Neurosurgical Residency Applications: Insights from a Student Survey

Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) are presumed to play an increasing role in residency applications. Given the role of personal statements in the holistic review of neurosurgical residency applicants, the extent of LLM influence remains unexplored. A multicenter survey was administered to residency interviewees during the 2024-2025 interview cycle. Respondents anonymously reported their use of LLM tools while writing personal statements. A total of 35 survey responses were recorded. All results were anonymized to protect applicant identity and any ensuing bias. Of the responses, 26% reported using LLM tools for minor edits in their personal statements, and no applicant reported the use of AI tools for major sections of their personal statements. It remains difficult to differentiate the use of AI tools for paragraph generation as opposed to minor editing tasks of the applicant's original work. As AI technologies continue to evolve, program directors should consider how LLM-assisted writing influences their ability to holistically assess an applicant and encourage more explicit guidelines for the use of these tools.

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