Protocol for a global electronic Delphi on integrating artificial intelligence into solid organ transplantation

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly recognized as a transformative force in the field of solid organ transplantation. From enhancing donor-recipient matching to predicting clinical risks and tailoring immunosuppressive therapy, AI has the potential to improve both operational efficiency and patient outcomes. Despite these advancements, the perspectives of transplant professionals - those at the forefront of critical decision-making - remain insufficiently explored. To address this gap, this study utilizes a multi-round electronic Delphi approach to gather and analyses insights from global experts involved in organ transplantation. Participants are invited to complete structured surveys capturing demographic data, professional roles, institutional practices, and prior exposure to AI technologies. The survey also explores perceptions of AI's potential benefits. Quantitative responses are analyzed using descriptive statistics, while open-ended qualitative responses undergo thematic analysis. Preliminary findings indicate a generally positive outlook on AI's role in enhancing transplantation processes, particularly in areas such as donor matching and post-operative care. These mixed views reflect both optimism and caution among professionals tasked with integrating new technologies into high-stakes clinical workflows. By capturing a wide range of expert opinions, the findings will inform future policy development, regulatory considerations, and institutional readiness frameworks for the integration of AI into organ transplantation.

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