Accuracy of the GPT-5 Mini in Predicting Six-Week Postoperative Knee Flexion Following Total Knee Replacement: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

This retrospective cohort study included 160 patients who underwent TKR at a UK tertiary center. Age, sex, BMI, diabetic status, smoking status, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade, and six-week postoperative knee flexion were extracted from electronic records. The GPT-5 mini generated predicted flexion values using a standardized prompt. Predicted and actual flexion were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Agreement was evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis. Subgroup analyses assessed age, diabetes, smoking, ASA grade, and BMI. Results: Median actual flexion was 95°, while the median GPT-5 mini predicted flexion was 103° (p < 0.0001). Median absolute error was 10°. Significant overestimation occurred across most age groups, diabetic and non-diabetic patients, smokers and non-smokers, and all ASA grades. Absolute error differed significantly by ASA grade (I: 17°, II: 9°, III: 6°, p < 0.001). The BMI showed no association with prediction error. Conclusion: The GPT-5 mini overestimated six-week postoperative flexion, with the greatest inaccuracies occurring in younger, healthier patients and smaller errors observed in those with higher comorbidity burden. Thus, GPT-5-mini is not reliable and should not be used clinically without rigorous validation on institution-specific datasets.

Ähnliche Arbeiten