Artificial Intelligence,Data Privacy and Ethical Integrity in Healthcare sector: Comparing the Regulatory framework between India & UK

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly revolutionizing healthcare by enhancing diagnostic support, clinical decision making, and operational efficiency. Yet its actual use raises complex issues concerning privacy of information, ethical consideration and regulative compliance. This paper discusses these issues critically in the Indian health system context and compares them with a more established governance and leadership model of United Kingdom. Based on India’s nascent legislative framework including the Digital Personal Data Protection Act (2023) along with draft health-focused legislation this paper considers how existing laws and ethical standards, namely those recommended by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), address new risks, such as algorithmic bias, transparency, and accountability. A qualitative approach involving literature review and comparative perspective is used. Furthermore, empirical observations of UK information governance practitioners are exploited to expose common issues as well as regulatory successes. The paper highlights the debate on three pillars: privacy, ethics and compliance. Findings emphasize that even though India is moving ahead, it needs better enforcement strategies, country context-relevant ethical norms, and stringent laws based on national and international criteria to ensure the trustworthiness of AI healthcare deployment.

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