AI in Primary Care: Insights from Family Physicians

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly transforming primary health care, supporting diagnosis, clinical decision-making, and care organization. However, its integration raises ethical, technical, and organizational challenges that must be understood. This study explores how general practitioners and family physicians view AI in daily clinical practice—its opportunities, concerns, and anticipated impacts. A descriptive, exploratory qualitative approach was used. A systematic literature review identified key themes and gaps, followed by semi-structured interviews with five general practitioners. A thematic analysis revealed generally positive attitudes toward AI’s potential to assist decision-making and reduce administrative tasks. Concerns included system reliability, the loss of human connection, and insufficient training. Participants also emphasized the importance of equitable access and clear legal frameworks. The findings highlight the urgency of adapting health policies, enhancing digital literacy among clinicians, and ensuring ethical, equitable, and patient-centered implementation of AI in primary care.

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